October marks Wellness Literacy Month, merely what is wellness literacy and why does it thing?
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ascertain health literacy every bit the ability to obtain and understand standard health data and services in order to make informed decisions. When health literacy was last measured by the U.Southward. Department of Educational activity, only 12% of Americans were considered "proficient" in this skill. Although health literacy is important for everyday well-being and long-term wellness, it is particularly disquisitional during emerging health events such as the coronavirus pandemic. Poor health literacy tin can negatively bear on a person's health and contribute to an "infodemic"—the fast, far-reaching spread of misinformation—which can exacerbate a public health crisis.
Scholars and fellows across Pew'southward three biomedical inquiry programs are working to tackle some of the biggest challenges in human wellness past bolstering scientific knowledge. They're focusing on bug that touch on all Americans—from infectious diseases and cancer to gut wellness and beyond. Have this quiz to examination your health literacy skills and learn more nigh scientists' promising research.
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You're on your mode to better health proficiency! Thank y'all for testing your knowledge. To continue learning, read about the groundbreaking work of other Pew scholars and fellows hither.
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# incorrect text: Sorry, that'due south incorrect. # correct text: That'southward correct! # social text incomplete: How health literate are y'all? Test yourself and share your results. # social text complete: How health literate are you? I took the quiz and got a {score} out of {total_questions} correct! Test yourself and share your results. ? Which type of fat cell helps the torso stay warm? - White fatty + Brown fat - Beige fat - Saturated fat ! Brownish fat, likewise known as dark-brown adipose tissue, is a special type of body fatty that gets activated when the trunk is cold to help generate rut. Information technology was once thought that but babies have dark-brown fat, but information technology tin can also be plant inside the neck and back of adults.
Pew researchers Aaron Streets and Maria Fernanda Forni are learning how cells, such as fat, employ the nutrients nosotros consume to regulate the body'south metabolism and growth—work that has important implications for managing obesity and other metabolic disorders. ? The homo gut is made up of which microorganisms, or microbes? - Leaner - Fungi - Viruses + All of the in a higher place ! Microbes establish in the gut—bacteria, fungi, and viruses—make upwards what is called the "gut microbiome." These beneficial microbes help digest food, regulate our immune system, and protect us against harmful bacteria.
Pew Latin American beau María Inda is researching ways to hijack gut microbes and use them as sensors to notice and care for areas of the gut that may exist inflamed in inflammatory bowel affliction. Additionally, Pew scholar Mohamed Abou Donia studies chemicals produced by the gut microbiome in gild to discover new ways to treat human diseases. ? What type of therapy engages the body's defense arrangement to fight cancer? + Immunotherapy - Radiation therapy - Chemotherapy - Hormone therapy ! I reason cancer thrives in the body is because information technology can escape detection from the immune organization, which helps protect the torso against infections. But research has shown that immunotherapies can aid the immune cells in detecting cancer, boosting the torso's ability to track and destroy the illness.
Iii Pew-Stewart scholars, Diana Hargreaves, Stephanie Dougan, and Michel DuPage, are leveraging the function of immune cells to help fight cancer, work that is critical for developing effective immunotherapies. ? Which man sense is the least studied of the five bones senses? - Sight - Sound - Smell - Taste + Touch on ! The somatosensory organisation is fabricated up of sensory neurons that answer and relay sensations such as hurting, pressure, move, or temperature. It is what allows humans to sense touch—one of the first senses to develop in the womb. Bear upon is cardinal to brain development, and a lack of physical contact during early childhood can result in developmental delays.
Pew scholar Victoria Abraira is exploring how spinal circuits encode tactile sensations to learn how animals utilize this information to guide behavior and coordinate movement. ? Truthful or False: There is a cure for Parkinson'south illness. - True + Imitation ! There is currently no cure for Parkinson's disease, and treatment options vary because no ii patients accept the same symptoms.
Pew Innovation Fund investigators and Latin American fellows Andrés Klein and Patricio Olguin are collaborating on a new research project that aims to uncover the genetic differences that cause the wide spectrum of symptoms seen in Parkinson's disease. ? How is SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19, near commonly spread? - Houseflies and mosquitoes + Respiratory droplets - Muddied shoes - 5G mobile networks ! SARS-CoV-two is mainly spread by respiratory aerosol through direct contact with a person infected with the virus. To initiate infection in the man body, the virus docks onto cells via the ACE2 receptor, an enzyme commonly attached to the membranes of cells.
Pew researcher David Veesler is working to develop vaccines against coronaviruses by evaluating the construction of spike proteins that allow the viruses to gain entry into cells. Similarly, Pew-Stewart scholar Alex Shalek is pioneering an RNA sequencing technology to empathise where ACE2 is expressed in cells, which may help uncover which tissues are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
To dispel misinformation almost COVID-nineteen, Latin American fellow Izabella Pena has used social media, primarily WhatsApp and YouTube, to create videos and answer people'southward well-nigh frequent questions and concerns. Pena and other scientists know that providing understandable health information is cardinal to combating the pandemic. ? Truthful or False: The flu vaccine combats the aforementioned flu viruses, or flu strains, each yr. - True + Faux ! Dissimilar viruses mutate more ofttimes than others, which is why some vaccines modify year to twelvemonth while others remain the same. The flu virus is constantly changing, then a vaccine that is constructive one yr may non be the next. Each year, the circulating flu strains are analyzed and a new vaccine is designed accordingly. According to CDC, flu A subtypes (H1N1 and H3N2) were widespread during the 2018-19 flu season.
Three biomedical scholars, Trevor Bedford, Jesse Bloom, and Marta Łuksza, are studying how the influenza virus circulates. Their work could help predict affliction spread and assistance in the development of seasonal flu vaccines. ? True or False: Antibiotic resistance means your body is resistant to antibiotics. - Truthful + False ! Antibiotic resistance occurs when germs such as bacteria and fungi develop the ability to survive the drugs designed to kill them. Co-ordinate to CDC, each twelvemonth at least ii.eight 1000000 people in the U.South. are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and more than than 35,000 die every bit a result.
Two Pew biomedical scholars, Arthur Prindle and Clarissa Nobile, are working on disrupting the ability of leaner to form densely packed mats called biofilms, which enhance the bacterial population's resistance to antibiotics. Some other Pew biomedical scholar, Michael Baym, is looking at the environmental factors that allow leaner to evolve resistance to therapy. ? Which of the following weather during pregnancy tin adversely bear upon the mother and babe? - Infection - Preeclampsia - Obesity and hypertension + All of the above ! Infections during pregnancy and placental abnormalities tin have serious complications for the mother and for the outcome of the pregnancy.
To better empathize and amend maternal and fetal health, Pew biomedical scholars Anna Beaudin, Jun Huh, Tiffany Reese, Geetu Tuteja, and Meghan Koch are investigating the maternal and fetal connection by exploring how infections during pregnancy, placental development, and maternal antibodies influence the offspring's mental and physical health. ? What is the most commonly transplanted organ? - Pancreas - Heart + Kidney - Liver ! According to the Health Resources and Services Administration, 39,718 organ transplants were performed in 2019, and kidney transplants accounted for shut to 60% (23,401) of all organs transplanted that year. Organ donations are disquisitional to help save lives, and several people dice each 24-hour interval because of the lack of available organs.
Pew biomedical scholar Kyle Loh is exploring new strategies to generate new organs using embryonic stem cells.
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